Immunoinformatic Approaches to Identify Immune Epitopes and Design an Epitope-Based Subunit Vaccine against Emerging Tilapia Lake Virus (TiLV)

Tilapia tilapinevirus, known worldwide as tilapia lake virus (TiLV), is a single-stranded RNA that belongs to the Amnoonviridae family. The attacks fish species’ external and internal organs, such eyes, brain, liver. Syncytial cells develop in liver of infected fish, which are characterized by widespread hepatocellular necrosis karyolytic nuclei. It highly infectious spreads both horizontally vertically. Despite these devastating complications, there still no cure or vaccine for virus. Therefore, based on epitopes developed using immunoinformatics methods was against TiLV fish. putative polymerase basic 1 (PB1) gene used identify immunodominant T- B-cell epitopes. Three probable were design vaccine: CTL, HTL, LBL. Testing final revealed it antigenic, non-allergenic, has improved solubility. Molecular dynamics simulation significant structural compactness binding stability. Furthermore, computer-generated immunological indicated immunization might stimulate real-life immune responses following injection. Overall, findings study imply designed epitope be good option prophylaxis TiLV.